HBCD (Hexabromocyclododecane) High Risk

A brominated flame retardant historically used in polystyrene insulation (EPS and XPS), upholstered furniture, and textiles. One of the most concerning legacy flame retardants now being phased out globally.

Health Concerns

  • Endocrine disruption affecting thyroid hormones
  • Neurodevelopmental effects
  • Reproductive toxicity
  • Found in human blood and breast milk worldwide
  • Possible carcinogen
  • Accumulates in body fat over time

Environmental Impact

  • Classified as Persistent Organic Pollutant (POP) under Stockholm Convention
  • Extremely persistent in the environment
  • Highly bioaccumulative in food chains
  • Found in Arctic wildlife far from sources
  • Contaminates soil, water, and air globally

Regulatory Status

Listed under Stockholm Convention for global elimination. Banned in EU since 2015. Being phased out in US and globally.

What to Avoid

Older polystyrene insulation (pre-2015), imported products that may still contain HBCD, renovation debris from older buildings

Safer Alternatives

Mineral wool insulation, cellulose insulation, newer polystyrene with polymeric flame retardants, cork insulation

Products That May Contain This Chemical

← Back to All Chemicals